Vim muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion zoo, muaj zog tshwj xeeb thiab biocompatibility, titanium thiab titanium alloys pom cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb hauv aerospace, cov cuab yeej kho mob thiab cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj thiab lwm yam. Hauv daim ntawv thov kev tsim vaj tsev tiag tiag, titanium vuam hlau tuaj yeem siv rau feem ntau yog ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm TIG (tungsten inert gas welding) thiab MIG (melting inert gas welding), nrog rau qee qhov siab - kawg vuam tshuab suav nrog cov txheej txheem plasma vuam thiab cov txheej txheem laser vuam. Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg, qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw thiab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov vuam hlau sib txawv heev los ntawm cov txheej txheem sib txawv, uas txhais tau tias koj xav tau kev sib tw zoo meej.
1, TIG welding: cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm titanium vuam, tsom rau kev ua kom zoo
TIG welding yog cov txheej txheem loj tshaj plaws thiab siv dav hauv titanium thiab titanium alloy vuam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau vuam nyias- cov khoom siv phab ntsa (thickness Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 6 hli) thiab cov cuab yeej precision, xws li kev kho mob titanium cog, aerospace lub teeb yuag, thiab lwm yam. Nws cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj kom sov, ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov. welding zoo, thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li coarse grains thiab kub tawg uas nquag tshwm sim thaum titanium vuam.
Cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm titanium vuam hlau hauv cov txheej txheem no yog nruj heev: qhov sib xws ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum nruj me ntsis raws li ASTM cov qauv. Piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa oxygen ntawm Gr2 titanium vuam hlau yuav tsum tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.18%, thiab qhov kev ua yuam kev ntawm aluminium vanadium piv ntawm Ti-6Al-4V vuam hlau yuav tsum tswj tsis pub dhau ± 0.2%, txwv tsis pub nws yuav ua rau cov khoom siv ntawm cov vuam tsis zoo; Qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov molten droplets thiab stability ntawm lub pas dej molten. Qhov saum npoo ntawm cov hlau vuam yuav tsum tsis muaj oxide txheej, cov roj stains, thiab khawb, nrog rau qhov roughness Ra tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.8 μ m, kom tsis txhob muaj porosity thiab slag suav nrog thaum vuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov melting ceev ntawm vuam hlau thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm arc kuj tseem ceeb heev. Feem ntau, titanium vuam hlau nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1.0-2.4mm raug xaiv, ua ke nrog cov ntshiab argon shielding roj kom ntseeg tau tias kev hloov pauv ntawm cov molten droplets thiab tsim ib qhov ntom ntom.
2, MIG welding: qhov kev xaiv rau kev siv vuam zoo, tsom rau batch thiab tuab phab ntsa scenarios
MIG welding belongs rau cov txheej txheem melting electrode welding, uas siv cov vuam hlau nws tus kheej ua cov electrode kom yaj thiab tsim cov vuam seam. Piv nrog TIG welding, nws cov vuam efficiency yog nce los ntawm 30% -50%. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov khoom loj ntawm cov phab ntsa tuab titanium (thickness Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 8 hli) thiab cov welds ntev, xws li tshuaj titanium cia tso tsheb hlau luam, nkoj titanium alloy qauv, thiab lwm yam xwm txheej. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog kev ruaj ntseg vuam txuas ntxiv, uas tso rau pem hauv ntej cov kev xav tau sib txawv rau kev hloov kho ntawm titanium vuam hlau.
Kev ruaj ntseg ntawm hlau pub yog tus yuam sij rau MIG vuam. Titanium vuam hlau yuav tsum muaj qhov ncaj ncaj (khoov℃Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 1 hli ib 'meter') thiab tsis sib xws winding nro, txwv tsis pub xaim pub jamming thiab arc drift yog nquag tshwm sim, ua rau lub vuam tsis sib xws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov smoothness ntawm cov vuam hlau yuav tsum ncav cuag tus qauv siab dua kom tsis txhob muaj cov xaim tsis zoo los ntawm kev sib txhuam ntau ntxiv vim qhov tsis huv; Txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum tau tswj nyob rau hauv ± 0.02mm kom ntseeg tau tias cov melting ceev ceev thiab tswj arc stability. Tsis tas li ntawd, MIG vuam feem ntau yog siv titanium vuam hlau nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1.2-1.6 hli, ua ke nrog argon helium sib tov roj (argon gas account rau 70% -80%), kom sib npaug vuam efficiency thiab weld toughness, thiab txo qhov dav ntawm tshav kub cuam tshuam cheeb tsam.
3, Siab kawg vuam tshuab: kev hloov kho tau yooj yim, tawg los ntawm kev siv huab
Hauv kev ua haujlwm hnyav xws li dav hlau cav hniav thiab siab -kawg kho mob implants, siab- cov txheej txheem kawg xws li ntshav plasma vuam thiab laser vuam tau maj mam dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb. Cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum muaj kev ua tau zoo tshaj ntawm titanium vuam hlau thiab yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm "cov txheej txheem vuam hlau khoom".
Plasma welding, with its high energy density of high-temperature plasma arc, is suitable for welding precision thick walled components. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo sib xws ntawm titanium vuam hlau los tiv thaiv qhov tsis ruaj khov plasma arc tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv; Laser vuam cov zis yog siab -lub zog laser beams thiab lwm yam optics, yog li cov vuam ceev ceev heev thiab yog li qhov kev thov rau hlau txoj kab uas hla precision ( kam rau ua Tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau ± 0.01mm) thiab co-axiality. Ultra- zoo titanium hlau nrog txoj kab uas hla<0.8mm is generally used, and the wire must be precisely focused with the laser beam to keep constant molten pool depth to minimize thermal distortion. In this type of high-end process, the purity level of titanium welding wire needs to be increased to 99.99% or above to eliminate the influence of impurities on the fatigue resistance of the weld seam.
4, Core premise: Dual lav ntawm kev tiv thaiv roj thiab vuam hlau zoo
Regardless of the welding process used, the core pain point of titanium welding is to prevent gas embrittlement - titanium is prone to react with oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen at high temperatures, generating brittle compounds that lead to brittle fracture of the weld seam. It is necessary, therefore, to have a complete gas protection system, which must be active during the entire process of welding: weld zone, side, and back of the weld seam must be shielded with pure argon ( purity≥ 99.999%), and post weld coverage must be applied to a temperature not less than200 ℃; At the same time,the surface cleanliness of titanium welding wire itself is the basement If there are oxide film(thickness >5nm) los yog roj stains, nws yuav ncaj qha ua rau vuam zoo qhov teeb meem, thiab qhov zoo ntawm vuam hlau yuav tsum tau guaranteed los ntawm electrolytic polish, nqus packing thiab hais txog.
Nyob rau hauv xaus, titanium vuam hlau tsis yog ib tug standalone consumable, tab sis ib qho tseem ceeb welding tivthaiv uas yog ze ze rau qhov sib txawv welding khoom, txheej txheem thiab kev khiav hauj lwm tej yam kev mob. Cov titanium vuam hlau zoo yuav tsum sib npaug ntawm cov khoom sib luag, qhov ruaj khov, thiab kev huv ntawm qhov chaw, thaum hloov mus rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem vuam sib txawv, txhawm rau txhawm rau siv cov khoom zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv titanium thiab ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm daim ntawv thov hauv siab -kawg teb.
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