Hauv kev ua haujlwm engineering, kev xaiv cov khoom siv titanium tsis yog ib qho yooj yim "ntau-cov lus nug xaiv", tab sis yog "system engineering" uas xav kom cov engineers rov ntsuas ntau yam thiab nrhiav kev daws teeb meem zoo. Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv zoo tuaj yeem ua rau qhov project ob zaug ua haujlwm zoo; Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqi nce siab thiab ncua kev nce qib, lossis tseem ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Lub hauv paus ntawm kev xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb yog nyob rau hauv kev nkag siab tob txog qhov sib txuam ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm engineering, es tsis yog ua raws li "kev ua tau zoo" ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Kauj Ruam 1: Ib puag ncig thawj - corrosiveness yog qhov txiav txim siab 'veto power'
Thawj qhov kev txiav txim siab rau txhua qhov kev xaiv cov khoom yog ib txwm ua haujlwm ib puag ncig. Rau cov khoom siv titanium, qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Yog hais tias cov khoom yuav tsum tau fim corrosive media xws li acid, alkali, seawater, thiab siab chloride ions rau lub sij hawm ntev, qhov corrosion kuj ntawm cov khoom yog txiav txim siab "them pib". Hauv qhov kev ua haujlwm no, kev lag luam ntshiab titanium (xws li ASTM Qib 2) feem ntau yog tus nqi ntau tshaj -zoo "tus neeg ncaws pob".
Grade 2 pure titanium can form an extremely dense and self-healing oxide film in oxidizing or neutral media. Qhov no ua rau nws ua tau zoo dua li cov hlau tsis muaj steel hauv seawater desalination pipelines, ntug hiav txwv fais fab nroj tsuag condensers, ntub dej chlorine ib puag ncig hauv chlor alkali tshuaj, thiab cov khoom ua zaub mov. Nws yuav tsis muaj pitting lossis crevice corrosion, thiab nws lub neej kev pabcuam tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau xyoo lawm. Thaum ntau qhov haujlwm ua ntej saib cov peev nyiaj, lawv yuav xav tias Qib 2 yog kim dua li 316L stainless hlau, tab sis xav txog qhov zaus ntawm kev hloov, kaw kev txij nkawm, thiab tej zaum yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ib puag ncig, nws tag nrho cov nqi ntawm lub neej yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig corrosive, thawj lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yuav tsum yog "yog tias cov titanium ntshiab tuaj yeem siv tau, siv cov titanium ntshiab ua ntej", yam tsis muaj qhov muag tsis pom "dhia" mus rau cov khoom kim dua.
Kauj Ruam 2: Load bearing oriented - Sib cav sib ceg ntawm Lub Zog thiab Qhov hnyav
Thaum corrosion tsis yog thawj qhov tsis sib xws, lossis thaum cov khoom xav tau los tiv thaiv cov khoom siv tshuab loj, peb nkag mus rau hauv qhov sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm "lub zog rau qhov hnyav piv". Lub + ob-theem titanium alloy sawv cev los ntawm Qib 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) tau yug los rau lub hom phiaj no.
Lub zog tensile ntawm Qib 5 yog 2-3 npaug ntawm cov ntshiab titanium Qib 2, thaum nws qhov ceev tsuas yog 57% ntawm cov hlau. Qhov no ua rau nws indispensable nyob rau hauv lub quest rau qhov kawg lightness thiab siab zog. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov thawj load bearing qauv ntawm lub dav hlau (txog iav strut, tis txuas thav ntawv), qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev ua tau zoo sib tw tsheb, los yog siab resistant shells ntawm sib sib zog nqus dej hiav txwv probes, xaiv Qib 5 txhuas txhais mus rau hefty yuag txuag nrog rau kev ruaj ntsegWeight poob nws tus kheej, nyob rau hauv lub aerospace thiab high-end kev pab cuam (txhais tau hais tias kev ua tau zoo) kev txhim kho (xws li nce ntau yam). Thaum xaiv, engineers yuav tsum tau xam qhov kev ntxhov siab spectrum ntawm cov tivthaiv, seb nws yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv zoo li qub load los yog raug rau lub voj voog siab los yog lub voj voog qis? Rau feem ntau cov loads zoo li qub thiab feem ntau qaug zog, Qib 5 yog ntau tshaj qhov txaus.
Kauj Ruam 3: Kev nyab xeeb ua ntej - thaum kev ntseeg siab tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam
Rau qee qhov kev thov tshwj xeeb, ntxiv rau "kev ua tau zoo" ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, lawv yuav tsum muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm "qhov kawg kev ntseeg tau". Qhov no feem ntau yog taw qhia rau ob thaj chaw: ib qho yog thaj chaw ntawm biomedicine, qhov twg cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog tib neeg lub cev ntev; Qhov thib ob yog siab -kawg precision khoom nrog xoom kam rau ua tsis tiav.
Hauv kev kho mob cog, xws li cov pob qij txha, kev cog hniav, lossis lub plawv stents, cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog tiv taus ntev - lub sij hawm corrosion los ntawm lub cev, tab sis kuj muaj biocompatibility zoo heev thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam los yog tshuaj lom. Ntawm no juncture Qib 23 (Ti-6Al-4V ELI) dhau los ua ib qho kev xaiv. ELI" qhia txog qhov tsis tshua muaj siab ntawm cov khoom sib txuas (oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen).
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov pa oxygen qis dua txhim kho cov pob txha toughness thiab qis -kub toughness ntawm cov khoom, txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm nkig tawg ntawm kev ntxhov siab concentration. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, purer matrix ua kom muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog tib neeg cov ntaub so ntswg, ua kom lub sijhawm ntev - kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov cog rau ntau xyoo.
Ib yam li ntawd, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb bearings ntawm satellites, kev txhawb nqa ntawm siab -precision optical platforms, los yog tej yam tshwj xeeb sensors, cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau muaj kev ruaj ntseg kiag li nyob rau hauv qhov loj thiab kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv huab cua sib txawv, ntev - lub sij hawm micro motions, los yog hluav taws xob ib puag ncig. Qib 23 tau zoo dua ntev - lub sij hawm cia siab rau thiab kev qaug zog ua tau zoo dua li qib 5 vim nws lub koom haum zoo sib xws thiab kev hloov pauv me me. Hauv qhov xwm txheej no, tus nqi khoom siv ntxiv them rau "kev ntseeg siab dua" yog qhov tsim nyog thiab tsim nyog.
Kauj Ruam 4: Craftsmanship for the Choj - 'Lub mais Kawg' los ntawm Kev kos duab rau lub cev
Txawm hais tias cov khoom siv qib raug xaiv kom raug, yog tias cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tsis sib xws, nws tseem tuaj yeem ua rau qhov project tsis ua haujlwm. Titanium muaj lub koob npe nrov rau kev ua haujlwm nyuaj, nrog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv kev ua cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qib sib txawv.
Qib 2 ntshiab titanium muaj cov yas zoo thiab zoo heev rau kev khoov txias, stamping, thiab vuam. Nws yog tus phooj ywg zoo heev rau kev tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo li lub raj xa hluav taws xob lossis cov thawv loj welded. Qib 5 alloys muaj lub zog siab tab sis nqaim kub ua haujlwm qhov rais, yuav tsum tau tswj qhov kub thiab txias thaum lub sij hawm forging los tiv thaiv kev tawg; Nws cov kev ua haujlwm machining kuj txawv ntawm cov ntshiab titanium, nrog cov cuab yeej siv ntau dua thiab yuav tsum tau txiav tshwj xeeb thiab cov tswv yim txias. Yog hais tias ib tug complex nyias-walled tivthaiv yog tsim tab sis Qib 5, uas yog ib qho nyuaj rau tsim, yog siv, los yog tej yam alloys rhiab heev rau vuam cua sov input raug xaiv rau cov qauv uas yuav tsum tau ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm vuam, nws yuav ua rau tsis tshua muaj yield los yog txawm tsis muaj peev xwm mus cuag cov txheej txheem.
Yog li ntawd, nyob rau theem pib ntawm kev xaiv cov khoom, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv - kev sib txuas lus tob nrog cov neeg siv khoom titanium thiab cov chaw tsim khoom. Lawv tuaj yeem muab cov lus qhia tseem ceeb: nws puas siv nyiaj ntau dua los siv forgings lossis dov billets rau cov duab no? Puas yog vuam pob qij txha xav tau kev kho cua sov tshwj xeeb? Yuav ua li cas kho qhov chaw kom ua tiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws corrosion los yog hnav tsis kam? Cov kev paub dhau los no los ntawm cov kab ntau lawm yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws txuas cov ntaub ntawv science thiab engineering xyaum.
Xaus: Txoj Kev Sib Tw
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, kev xaiv kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv titanium yog kaw - txheej txheem voj voog uas pib nrog ib puag ncig, yog raws li kev thauj khoom, nruj ntawm kev nyab xeeb, thiab yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem. Nws yuav tsum tau engineers kom muaj kev xav, tsis yog tsuas yog kom nkag siab txog cov ntaub ntawv kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov ntawv qhia kev, tab sis kuj yuav tsum nkag siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no los ntawm kev xyaum ua engineering. Ua qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws, ruaj ntseg, thiab rau pem hauv ntej- saib cov kev xaiv nyob rau hauv lub moj khaum pob nyiaj siv, hloov txhua yam khoom siv rau hauv cov khoom muaj nqis thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm engineering, yog tus nqi tiag tiag ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nco ntsoov, cov khoom siv "khoom kim tshaj" yuav tsis tas yuav yog qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws. Cov khoom tsim nyog tshaj plaws yog qhov kev xaiv "kev lag luam" tiag tiag.
Thov ib daim Quote
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